Phrasal verbs i idiomy (Phrasal Verbs & Idioms)
Najczęstsze phrasal verbs i idiomy angielskie — z przykładami i objaśnieniami
Phrasal Verbs and Idioms — Complete Guide
Phrasal verbs and idioms are essential for the matura exam. They appear in reading, listening, and use of English tasks.
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Part 1: Most Common Phrasal Verbs
SET A — Everyday Actions
| Phrasal Verb | Meaning (znaczenie) | Example |
|-------------|---------------------|---------|
| get up | wstac (z lozka) | I get up at 7 every morning. |
| wake up | obudzic sie | She woke up late and missed the bus. |
| turn on/off | wlaczyc/wylaczyc | Turn off the lights before you leave. |
| put on | zalozyc (ubranie) | Put on your jacket — it's cold. |
| take off | zdjac (ubranie); wystartowac (samolot) | The plane took off on time. |
| pick up | podniesc; odebrac (kogos) | Can you pick me up from school? |
| throw away | wyrzucic | Don't throw away this box — I need it. |
| find out | dowiedziec sie | I need to find out what happened. |
| give up | poddac sie; zrezygnowac | Never give up on your dreams! |
| look for | szukac | I'm looking for my keys. |
SET B — Communication and Relationships
| Phrasal Verb | Meaning | Example |
|-------------|---------|---------|
| get along (with) | dogadywac sie z | She gets along well with her colleagues. |
| fall out (with) | poklocic sie z | They fell out over money. |
| break up (with) | zerwac z | He broke up with his girlfriend. |
| make up | pogodzic sie | They argued but made up the next day. |
| look after | opiekowac sie | Who looks after your children? |
| bring up | wychowac; poruszyc temat | She was brought up by her grandparents. |
| come across | natknac sie na | I came across an old photo. |
| turn down | odrzucic (propozycje) | She turned down the job offer. |
| put off | odlozyc na pozniej | Don't put off your homework. |
| call off | odwolac | They called off the meeting. |
SET C — Work, Study, Life
| Phrasal Verb | Meaning | Example |
|-------------|---------|---------|
| carry on | kontynuowac | Carry on with your work. |
| set up | zalozyc, ustanowic | She set up her own business. |
| look into | zbadac, sprawdzic | The police are looking into the case. |
| come up with | wymyslic | He came up with a brilliant idea. |
| figure out | rozwiazac, zrozumiec | I can't figure out this problem. |
| run out of | skonczyc sie (zapasy) | We've run out of milk. |
| keep up with | nadazac za | It's hard to keep up with technology. |
| take up | zaczac (hobby) | She took up yoga last year. |
| look forward to | nie moc sie doczekac | I look forward to meeting you. |
| deal with | radzic sobie z | How do you deal with stress? |
| go through | przejsc przez (trudnosci) | She's going through a difficult time. |
| end up | skonczyc (nieplanowanie) | We ended up staying until midnight. |
| work out | cwiczys; udac sie | Things will work out in the end. |
| point out | zwrocic uwage | She pointed out my mistake. |
| stand for | oznaczac; popierac | What does "EU" stand for? |
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Part 2: Common English Idioms
| Idiom | Meaning (znaczenie) | Example |
|-------|---------------------|---------|
| break the ice | przelamac lody | A joke can help break the ice at a party. |
| a piece of cake | cos latwego | The test was a piece of cake! |
| hit the nail on the head | trafic w sedno | You really hit the nail on the head with that comment. |
| under the weather | zle sie czuc | I'm feeling a bit under the weather today. |
| once in a blue moon | bardzo rzadko | I eat fast food once in a blue moon. |
| cost an arm and a leg | kosztowac fortune | This car cost an arm and a leg. |
| let the cat out of the bag | wygadac sie (zdradzic sekret) | Don't let the cat out of the bag! It's a surprise. |
| burn the midnight oil | pracowac do pozna w nocy | She was burning the midnight oil studying for exams. |
| keep an eye on | miec na oku | Can you keep an eye on my bag? |
| bite off more than you can chew | wziac na siebie za duzo | I think I've bitten off more than I can chew with this project. |
| the ball is in your court | teraz twoj ruch | I've made my offer — the ball is in your court. |
| kill two birds with one stone | upiec dwie pieczenie na jednym ogniu | By cycling to work, I kill two birds with one stone — I save money and stay fit. |
| it's not rocket science | to nic trudnego | Come on, it's not rocket science! |
| get cold feet | dostac tremy, wycofac sie | She got cold feet before the speech. |
| see eye to eye | zgadzac sie | We don't always see eye to eye on politics. |
| on the same page | byc zgodnym, myslec tak samo | Are we all on the same page? |
| the last straw | kropla przepelniajaca czare | Being late again was the last straw. |
| make ends meet | wiazac koniec z koncem | Many families struggle to make ends meet. |
| at the end of the day | ostatecznie | At the end of the day, family is what matters most. |
| better late than never | lepiej pozno niz wcale | You finally apologized — better late than never! |
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Tips for Learning Phrasal Verbs:
- Learn them in context — don't memorize isolated definitions.
- Group them by particle: look up / pick up / give up / make up / break up
- Group them by topic: work (set up, carry on, deal with), relationships (get along, fall out, make up)
- Write example sentences using your own experiences.
- Separable vs. inseparable:
- Inseparable: Look after the baby. (NOT: Look the baby after.)