Słownictwo tematyczne cz. 1 (Topic Vocabulary Part 1)

Topic Vocabulary Part 1 — Key Matura Topics

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1. FAMILY AND RELATIONSHIPS (Rodzina i relacje)

Family members:
| English | Polish | English | Polish |
|---------|--------|---------|--------|
| parents | rodzice | siblings | rodzenstwo |
| spouse | malzonek/malzonka | relative | krewny |
| mother-in-law | tesciowa | stepfather | ojczym |
| half-brother | brat przyrodni | nephew | bratanek/siostrzeniec |
| niece | bratanica/siostrzenica | cousin | kuzyn/kuzynka |
| grandchild | wnuk/wnuczka | ancestor | przodek |

Relationships:
| Word/Phrase | Meaning |
|------------|---------|
| get along with | dobrze sie z kims dogadywac |
| fall out with | poklocic sie z |
| look up to | podziwiac kogos |
| bring up / raise | wychowywac |
| nuclear family | rodzina nuklearna (rodzice + dzieci) |
| extended family | rodzina wielopokoleniowa |
| generation gap | roznica pokoleniowa |
| peer pressure | presja rowiesnikow |
| single-parent family | rodzina niepelna |

Useful sentences:

• I come from a close-knit family. We always support each other.
• Teenagers often experience peer pressure from their classmates.
• The generation gap can lead to misunderstandings between parents and children.

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2. EDUCATION (Edukacja)

| Word/Phrase | Meaning |
|------------|---------|
| attend school | chodzic do szkoly |
| graduate from | ukonczyc (szkole/studia) |
| pass an exam | zdac egzamin |
| fail an exam | nie zdac egzaminu |
| revise for / study for | powtarzac (uczyc sie do) |
| take/sit an exam | przystapic do egzaminu |
| curriculum | program nauczania |
| compulsory | obowiazkowy |
| optional / elective | do wyboru |
| scholarship | stypendium |
| tuition fees | czesne |
| dropout | osoba przerywajaca nauke |
| grade / mark | ocena |
| assignment | zadanie |
| homework | praca domowa |
| cheat on a test | sciagac na tescie |
| boarding school | internat |
| higher education | szkolnictwo wyzsze |
| vocational training | ksztalcenie zawodowe |
| distance learning | nauka zdalna |

Useful sentences:

• Education should be accessible to everyone, regardless of their financial background.
• Many students struggle with the pressure of taking final exams.
• Distance learning has become increasingly popular since the pandemic.

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3. WORK AND CAREER (Praca i kariera)

| Word/Phrase | Meaning |
|------------|---------|
| apply for a job | ubiegac sie o prace |
| job interview | rozmowa kwalifikacyjna |
| hire / employ | zatrudnic |
| fire / dismiss / sack | zwolnic |
| resign / quit | zrezygnowac, odejsc z pracy |
| salary / wages | pensja / wynagrodzenie |
| promotion | awans |
| get promoted | dostac awans |
| career ladder | drabina kariery |
| work overtime | pracowac w nadgodzinach |
| freelancer | wolny strzelec |
| deadline | termin |
| colleague / coworker | wspolpracownik |
| commute | dojezdzac do pracy |
| full-time / part-time | pelny / niepelny etat |
| unemployment | bezrobocie |
| retire / retirement | przejsc na emeryture |
| CV / resume | zyciorys |
| shift work | praca zmianowa |
| minimum wage | placa minimalna |

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4. HEALTH (Zdrowie)

| Word/Phrase | Meaning |
|------------|---------|
| symptoms | objawy |
| disease / illness | choroba |
| cure / treatment | lekarstwo / leczenie |
| prescribe medicine | przepisac lek |
| side effects | skutki uboczne |
| surgery / operation | operacja |
| balanced diet | zrownowazona dieta |
| obesity | otylosc |
| mental health | zdrowie psychiczne |
| anxiety / depression | lek / depresja |
| allergy | alergia |
| vaccine / vaccination | szczepionka / szczepienie |
| epidemic / pandemic | epidemia / pandemia |
| first aid | pierwsza pomoc |
| recover | wyzdrowisc |
| injury / wound | uraz / rana |
| healthcare system | system opieki zdrowotnej |
| insurance | ubezpieczenie |
| well-being | dobrostan |
| work out / exercise | cwiczys |

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5. ENVIRONMENT (Środowisko)

| Word/Phrase | Meaning |
|------------|---------|
| climate change | zmiana klimatu |
| global warming | globalne ocieplenie |
| greenhouse effect | efekt cieplarniany |
| carbon footprint | slad weglowy |
| pollution (air/water/soil) | zanieczyszczenie |
| renewable energy | energia odnawialna |
| fossil fuels | paliwa kopalne |
| deforestation | wylesianie |
| endangered species | gatunki zagrozone |
| recycling | recykling |
| waste / rubbish | odpady / smieci |
| ecosystem | ekosystem |
| biodiversity | bioroznorodnosc |
| solar/wind energy | energia sloneczna/wiatrowa |
| carbon emissions | emisja dwutlenku wegla |
| sustainable development | zrownowazony rozwoj |
| drought | susza |
| flood | powodz |
| wildlife | dzika przyroda |
| conservation | ochrona przyrody |

Useful sentences:

• We should reduce our carbon footprint by using public transport.
• Deforestation is one of the main causes of climate change.
• Governments must invest in renewable energy sources.